Motor-vehicle.



4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Mumm @QQ PATENTED DEC. 11

W. D. HAWK. .MOTOR VEHICLE. APPLICATION rmm JAN. 20. 1906.-

I ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

K W A H D W MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLIUATIOF FILED JAN. 20, 190B.

ATTORNEY INVENTOR WITNESSES:

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fit

" ATTORNEY UNITED STATES...

ATENT OFFICE.

To all whom it may coricerm Be it known that. 1, WALTER 1), Hawnla citizen of the United States, residing at .C 3 cago, in the county'of Cook and State'j'nf Illinois, have invented certain new, anduseful Improvements in Motor-Vehicles, of I which the followi-ngis aspecrfication.

This j invention relates to motorevehicles, and. more. particularly to self propelled cars ,of larger size thanfthe" automobiles ne in common use and which on account. oftheir greater siize. make it desirable, if; not'nejces- 'sary, to p vot the trucks to the car-body.,-

he pl'lneiplBS Of my invention, though notrestric'ted as to use, are specially applicable to light self-propelled passengerrailw'ay cars; My invention contemplates the provlslon of a truck arranged for pivotal connection. to

a car-body and. carrying a gas-engine and a controlsystem by which the application of the 'powerof the engine to the wheels of the if desired, be controlledfrom the car-body I The truck carries, in addition to the engine, all the accessories therefor and a suitable transmission,mechanism, and itis therefore aself-contained motor-truck, which may with little delay be substituted for a truck not provided with an engineto make the vehicle self-propelling. I

One feature of my invention consists in so supporting the engine on the truckras to: free it from shocks and jars. when the caris in motion. .This is accomplished bythe introduction of springs between the 'engine a'nd the axlesand the, provisionfof gearingarranged tomaintain the engine in driving re.- lation to ,the axle, even though it is inde; pendently movable through the flexure of its supporting-springs. Supporting the engine on the axles yieldingly is consideredof great importance, since if it were rigidly supported, as has been heretofore proposed, the contruck may,

tmual jarring to which thewheels are subjected would all betransmitted to the engine,

and the latter .would'have to be stronger and heavier, and-hence more costly, and even then, would not be reliable. in operation. The spring-supports for the engine may be arranged in any suitable manner.

g In trucks as heretofore constructed it has been common to provide springs between the axles anda bolster on wh ch the car-body is pivoted. ",jlg'may adopt this construction by mountmgjthhihn'gine; one frame, secured to and movingwith this springrsupported bol- Specification of Letters Patent. pplication filed January 20,1906. sma- No. 2973106.. 1

' Patented Dec. 11, 1906.

driving-axle by an intermediate gear maintainedin mesh with. a. gear driven by the engine and one-on the axle by links which hold always theiproper. relation for transmittingzpowerfr u lnsomecases I prefer to port the engine and its accessories-on t e truck-wheels independently of the-car-body,

which is: also. yieldingly supplorted. Y Thisis particularly desirable'for s uses as on vehicles whoseload-varies between unusuallywide limits, for the reason that when such vehicles. are' heavi ly loaded thev springs supportingthe car-body are compressed to such a degree that theyaiford little resiliency, and if theengine were carried by the same supports as the car-body it would be subjected to the same jarring as when rigidlys'upported.. .In such cases I may employ an auxiliary body su orted b s rin s on the truckwheels and ii iovable i ndbper idently of the car-body. and the sprin -supported bolster on :which it rests. With this construction thevload on the springs for the driving-engine is. constant,'and the strength of these springs can therefore be calculated for the load which they are to carry, or I may yieldingly support the engine-upon the frame which carries the car-body and which is spring-supported on the wheels,-so that the engine receives the benefit of two sets of springs.

Thepower ofthe engine-shaft is transmitted to the driving axle or axles by a suitable transmissionmechanism which maybe arranged for changing the speed and reversing the direction of the rotation of the driven axle relatively to the engine-shaft. Preferably I em l'oya frictional transmission mechanism, sue as that. shown in my application for Letters Patent filed October 30, 1905, and serially numbered 285,075. I also provide mechanically-operated devices for actuating the parts of such transmission mechanism from the car-body to which the truck is pivoted. These consist of lever systems so arranged as to be entirely unaffected by the movement of the truck-relatively to thecarbody about the axis of the king-pin.

I have illustrated embodiments of my invention "1 the accompanying drawings, in WhlOh-,.

' ,Figure 'l is an elevation of the end. o'f a car. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the truck, and Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views tion.

ieldin ly su showingv a modificaster, and engine may cofinected to'the Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 indicates the wheels of a bogie-t'ruck secured'on axles 2, which are rotatable in bearings inthe journal-boxes 3. At each side of the' t-ruck'isa beam 4, secured at its ends to or formed inte gral'with the journal-boxes 3 and bent to form a depressed portion intermediate of its ends.

5 indicate the side members of, a frame "whichdis yieldingly supported upon the "beanis 4 4. Theseside' members have ways 'ffo rihed therein in which the journal-boxes 3 "are adapted to reciprocate vertically and are extended at each end beyond these ways,

They are, supported on the upper ends of "heavy'coiled springs 6, which at their lower ends rest on parts projecting inwardly from the beams 4. Extending across between the s'de members 5 at about the middle and se cured theretois a bolster 7, in which is; a

' "socket 8 to receivethe king-pin carried by a support 9, secured on the bottom of the ,car-

H (body, and thus one endthe si cross-beams 11, on which is secured an engine 12..

pivot the truck to the car. e members 5 are connected This is preferably a multicylinder gas-engine of the usual construction, having its pistons connected by the usual connecting-rods and cranks to the engine-shaft 30 13. 1 This shaft extends back to the other isn'ifwhichis carried on a end ofthetriick to the transmission mechancross-beam 14 and "an auxil aryjframe 15. transmission mechanism preferably consists of, a friction- "disk 16, keyed 'or splined on the engine-shaft 13, and two paiifs oif friction-rollers 17 and 18 midis and'20 mounted on opposite sides of the disk-axis, the rollers of each pair being on opposite sides of the disk. Either pair of is pivoted 19, and 20 are splined on shafts 21, 22, 23,

and 2 4, respectively, and each of these shafts is supportedat one end in abearing which on a vertical axison one of the side members 5 At their adjacent ends shafts 22jand 23 are supported in bearings 27, hav- 1" projections on their upper and vlower si es with 0 enings therethrough, anda bolt 28 extends t rough the openings in the downwardly extending projections and 7 also through an opening in an arm 29, secured on the cross-beams '14, so that the bearings 27 are pivotally supported in the bolt 28.. -The adjacent ends of shafts 21 and 24 are similarly su ported in bearings 30, pivotally mo'unte on a bolt carried by an arm depending from the framework. The upwardlyextending rojections on bearings 30 are con- 'nected by inks 31 and 32 with cranks 33 and 34, respectively, secured on a shaft 35 and extendlng one above and the other below the "connected a rod 37.

horizontal. Shaft 35 is rotatable in bearings dependin from the" auxiliary frame 15 and carries a t 'rd crank 36, to which is pivotally On shaft 35 is another crank 38, and a rod 39 is pivotally connected at one end to crank 38 and at thtthe'r to a crank 40,,secured on a shaft 41, mounted in bearings on the cross-beam 14 and carrying cranks 42 and 43,.which extend-oneabove and the other below the horizontal, andwhich are. connected by links 44 i and 145, respec- :tively,,to .the' ,upwardly-extendin projec- .tionsionthebearingsfil for the sha ts 22 and 23,, It willbe seen thatithis construction is such that moyumentfof rod 3,7 .rocksfsh'azfts 35: and 4,1, and that-such; movement in one direction willturn the bearings 27 and 30 for shafts 2,1; and, 22 about ,their pivotsto carry the-friotion-rollers 17; and =18 on;those shafts into engagement 1 with the, friction-d isk; 16 and that movement in the opposite. direction will act:v similarlyto movefrolle'rs 19 and 20 into engagement with the disk-16,ithe vertical,pivot s of the outerendsgof the shafts 21,

22, 23, and 24 permitting such movement.

On shafts :21 and -22are inter-meshing gears 46 and on shafts.23 and 24similar gears 47. As thevfriction-rollers-of a'pair are moved into engagement 1 with the, disk '16- they squeeze the disk between them.- and rotary motion is thus transmitted to the-shafts on which these rollers-are splined, and the gears 46 and- 47 transmit the power of one shaft to the other shaft of that pair. Also as the two pairs of rollers are mounted on op ositesides of the axis of disk 16 shafts 21 an, 24 will be driven in opposite directions; 7

On shafts 21 and24; are pinions48, and loosely mounted on these shafts are links 49,

j which at their lower endssupport short shafts onwhich gears are mounted in mesh with pinions 48. Secured on the driving-axle 2 of the truck are gears 51, and loose on this axle are links 52, which-at their outer ends are provided with bearings for the shafts of the gears 50, andwhicn hold gears 50 in mesh with gears51. Links 49 and 52 being pivoted concentric with'pinions 48 and gears 51,

respectively, hold the intermediate gears 50 inlmesh withth'e .pinions' 48 and-gears 51 in all positions of the supporting-frame and parts carried thereby relatively to the wheels 1 and axles 2.

On one side of each ofthe friction-rollers 17, 18, 19, and 20.is a hub having a peripheral groove therein, and yokes 53 and 54 have armswhich extend into the grooves in the Mounted on hearings onrollers of a pair. the auxiliary frame '15 is a shaft 55,.hav-

ing reversethreads thereon andextending through threaded openings int-he-lyoke's 53 and 54. ..At thG CBI1lLGI' OfSllQJl t 55 pa bevelgear 56 18 secured thereon with which meshes a similar-gear 57, secured on ashaft 58. These devices are'so arranged that turning shaft 58 turns shaft 55 and thus moves'yokes 53 and their supporting-shafts toward and away but the engine .12 is always in driving rela- Mon to the axles irrespective of such move-1 from the axis of the disk 16, so as to vary the speed of rotation of therollers when in contact with the disk, as will be'well understood.

The mechanism for operating the rod 37 and shaft 58 from the car-body will now be described. The socket 8 for the king-pin has 1 project ions at its sides having openings-therethrough, and the side members of a yoke 59 are adapted to slide in these openings. At' one end these side members are connected by a cross-head 60, to which the rod 37 is connected. At the other end the yoke is bent" to the arc of a circle concentric with socket 8 when the yoke is inthe intermediate position, and mounted to slide on this curved portion is a sleeve 61, to which a rod 62 is connected.

Rod 62 passes through suitable guides 63 on the bottom of the car-body and at its end is pivotally connected to a cormecting-rod 64,-

whose other end is pivoted to a crank 65, carried by a shaft 66, extending upward to a po-" sit-ion convenient for the operatoras, for instance, at the front of: the car-platform? and provlded with an operating-handle '67.

Shaft 58 is connected to one member of a. universal oint- 68, located as near. the socket 8 as the parts of the trunk will permit, and

the other member of this joint is connected toa shaft 69, which at its other end carries a bevel-gear 70 meshing with a'gear 71 oneshaft 72, extending upward adjacent to shaft 66 and provided at its upper end with an opcrating-handle 73. In the shaft 69 is a spline 7 4, permitting the two sections of the rod to telescope slightly.

The operation of the mechanism will be understood from the foregoing descriptionl The engine and transmission mechanism are supported onthe frame consisting of the side iembers 5 and the cross-beams connectmg them and which is supported by the springs 6 upon the side beams In addition to the coil-springs 6 elliptic spriugs may: be provided between the beams 4 and eitiier'tne side members 5 of the frame or the bolster 7, .50

as isusual in the construction of trucks. The frame and parts tnereon can therefore move vert1cally independently of the axles 2,

relieved from the arring to which-they would be sub ected were they not so yield ngly supwould cause breakage or ported and which faulty operation within a comparatively short time; "With the'engine running and the parts of the transmission in the positions site direction.

rod 62 axially in its guides, thus moving yoke 59 through the openings in the projections at the sides of the socket 8 and drawing rod 37 axially. This turns shafts and 41 in their bearings and brings one of the two pairs of friction rollers into engagement with the disk 16, and as the shafts of these two'rollers are geared together their combined power is transmitted by the pinion 48 and gears 50 and 51 wine driving-axle ol' the truck. Movement of rods 62 and 37 and yoke 59 in the opposite direction by handle 67 brings the other pair of friction-rollers into engagement with disk 16 and, as will be evi-' dent, the driven axle will rotate in the oppo- This mechanism is unafrected by the turning of the truck on its pivot, as the sleeve 61, to which rod 63 is connected, moves around the curved end of yoke 59, and this curved portion is concentric with the axis about which-the truck turns. To regulate the speed of the ear, the operator turns handle 73, thus rotating shafts 72, 69 and 58 and moving the yokes 53 and 54 to-; ward or away from each other, depending on the direction of movement of the handle. Each of the yokes when thus moved moves a pair of the friction-rollers radially with respect to the disk 16, and the speed at which. the disk drives the rollers-is thus changed. This mechanism is also unaffected by the turning I of the truck relatively to the carbody, as the shafts 69 and 58 are connected by the universal joint 68. This joint is located as close to the pivot of the truck as the parts will permit, and the slight movement 1 due to the displacement of the joint from the axis on which the truck turns is taken up byv the spline 74.

In the embodiment of my invention described above with referenoeto Figs. 1' and 2 it will be noticed that .a single set of springs support both the car-body and the engine and transmission. In some cases it is highly desirable to have spring-supports for the engine and transmission separate and distinct from or in addition to those for'the car-body, sothat the engine can move independently of the car-body and be freed to a very large extent from jarring and vibration when the car-body is so loaded that its springs furnish little resiliency. Such. a construction is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, in which is shown a an auxiliary body carrying the engine and transmission and supported by springs upon the axles of the truck and another set of springs supporting the bolster on which the end of the car-body rests. Except for the provision of this independent spring-suppotted auxiliary body this form of my invention may be similar in all respects to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2; but in order to show a modification of the design of the parts I have illustratedthe truck as pi voted to-the car-body nearer the forward end thereof and the engineas-vertically disposed with the-cylinders extending up in front of the-dashboard. In

' these drawings, .1 1 indicate the wheelscarri'ed by axles 2, mountedfor rotation in-jour- 'jna l-boxes' 3, .as before. The sidebeam's 75, secured to or formedintegral with the journal-boxes, are similar to those'of Eigs. 1 and J 2 except that they are extended at bothends tofo'rm the arms 7 6: and77 The side'frames '7 8 have guideways formed therein in which l the j ournal-xbox es are movableyertieally, and springs which supports the car-body. Extending 'across betweenthe'depressed portions-of the beams 75 intermediate the wheels are two sills .79. Spring-supported upon ithebeams 2o 75 and sills -79';is an auxiliary bodyconsisting- ""of end member's 80 and longitudinalmeinbers 81,'the latter havingdepressed portions, asshownin Fig. 3,'Where.they pass'underthe bolster. Four spiral springs 82 support'the endmembers 80 on-"the ends of the side beams 75 and 'four spiral springs 83 support the-longitudinalmembers'81 on the sills 79.

"Preferably'bolts 84; extend through thesesprings and the/parts engaged thereby and 0' are-headed at both' end'sto limit the upward movement of the auxiliary body when-raised f by its su porting-springs. The 'engi-ne- 84- is mounte "on-the auxiliary body at its-forward end and the transmission mechanism at its rear 'end', the connecting mechanism between the engine and the driying-axle being similar to thatdescribed 'inconnection with Figs. -1

"and 2; Inthis instance the engine is arranged vertically; the cylinder extending up- 4 '1 T fthe dashboard 85and being provided with a hood '86. Instead of the control system of Figs. 1 and Z-the shafts 87 and 88, controlling the transmission mechan-- ism',"may' be mounted in bearingscarried by the intermediatebody' and may extend upward through an arc-shaped 'slot 89 in the platform of the car-body. As the pivot of v the truck is so close to'theforward'end of the "car; the movement of shafts 87 and 88 when s 'th'e car runs onto or oii 'of a curve is very (slight. "It will be seen that with this construction the springs 82 and 83 furnish a yielding support for the auxiliary body which carries the engine and transmission mechanism and that thecar-body is yieldingly supported'by the springs 6 independ- 'ently of the auxiliary body. Theengine can "therefore move vertically independently of thecar-body, thedrivingr'elation of'the engine to th'e truck-axle being always maintained. Also it will be seen that this same result can be obtained by supporting the auxiliary bodybymeans of the springs 83 upon the side frames 78, which are springsupported upon the wheels,*i n which case '6 supportztheseframes onthe beams 15 75. becu'red on vframe 178 is the bolster both-sets of springs 6 and 83 would serve to relieve the engine from i j arring.

I claim 1. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car body, a truck comprising axles and wheels-and 'a frame supported thereby pivotally'conneoted to the car-body, a gas-en.- gine, springs yieldingly supporting the" gasengine upon the tru'ck'be ow the car-body and permitting-theentireengineto move vertically independently ofithetruck, and means connecting-the gas-engine in driving rela tion to a wheel the truck, substantiall y as described. l

2. Ina motor v'ehicle, the combination'of a oar-body,a truck comprising axles and Wheels and aframe supported thereby pivot-1 ally connected to the car-body, a'gas en'g'ine,

- springs 'yieldingly supporting the gas-engine upon the truckfand' permitting the entire ensupporting'the engin'e'and said mechanism and permitting them to movelrelatiyelyto the axles'of the truck, connections between said mechanism and an axle ofthe truck, and

means for actuatin the parts of said me'ch anism from the carody, substantially as described. 1

4. In a motor-vehicle, the "combination of a car-body, a truck having axlefs'and wheels pivotally connected to the carbody,an engine and a frictional transmission mechanismmounted on the truck;springssupport Initting them to move relativ'elyto the'axles of the truck, and means jconnecting said mechanismto an axle of the truck, said'fric tional transmission mechanism being arranged to connect thelengine in drivmg'relation to and disconnect li'i from oneof the shafts of the truck andto vary the speed and reverse the'direction' in which the engine drives the truck, and means'for actuating the parts of said mechanism from, the'c'ar-body, substantially as described. l

5. In a motor-vehicle; thecombination'of a car-body, a truck having axles and wheels pivotally connected to the car-body, an engine and a transmission mechanism'mounted on thetruck, springs supporting the engine and said mechanism and permittingmovement thereof relatively to the axlesof't'he' truck, and means connecting the engine'in driving relation to the truck throughout the 'relative movements thereof including a pming'the engine and said mechanism and pertuated from the car-body at a oint distant from the pivotal axis of the truc for controlling the connection of said engine in drivin relation to a Wheel of the truck and arrange to permit movement of the truck relatively to the car-body, substantially as described. 7. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and Wheels and a frame supported thereby pivotally connected to the car-body, an engine carried by the truck and adapted to be connected in driving relation to awheel of the truck, and means for yieldingly supporting said carbody and said engine upon said truck one in dependently of the other, substantially as described.

8. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and wheels and a frame supported thereby pivotally connected to the car-body, means for yieldingly supporting the car-body relatively to the Wheels of the truck, an auxiliary body yieldingly supported upon the truck and movable relatively to the truck and car-body, an engine carried by said body, and means for connecting the engine in drivin relation to a Wheel of the truck, substantia ly as described.

' 9. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and Wheels and a frame supported'thereby pivotally connected to said car-body, an auxiliary body yieldingly supported on said truck and I movable relatively to the truck and car-body, an engine and a speed-varying and reversing mechanism carried by said auxiliary body and means actuated from the car-body for connecting said engine in driving relation to a Wheel of the truck and disconnecting 1t therefrom, substantially as described.

10. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and Wheels and a frame supported thereon pivotally connected to the car-body, an auxiliary body, springs supporting the same upon the truck and permitting movement thereof independentlyof the.truck and car-body, an engine adapted to be connected in driving relation'to a Wheel of the truck and a transmission mechanism mounted on said auxiliary body, and means actuated from the car-body for operating the parts of said transmission to control the speed and direction of rotation of the Wheel of the truck actuated by said engine, substantially as described.

11. In a motorvehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and Wheels and a frame supported thereby pivotally connected to the car-body, an engine and a transmission mechanism mounted on the truck, and means for actuating the parts of the transmission mechanism from the carbody to control the connection of the en ineshaft in driving relation to a 'wheel 0 the truck, said means comprising a lever system independent of the king-pin of the truck and arranged to be substantially unaffected by the movements of the truck relatively to the car-body about the axis of the pivotal connection between them, substantially as described.

12. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and Wheels and a frame supported thereby pivotally connected to said car-body, an en inc and a transmission mechanism mounts the truck, and means for actuating'the parts of the transmission mechanism from the carbody to control the connection of the engineshaft to a wheel of the truck comprising a lever system having a joint therein in proximity to the pivotal connection between the truck and car-body, substantially as described.

13. In a motor-vehicle, the combination of a car-body, a truck comprising axles and wheels and a frame supported thereby pivotally connected to the car-body, means for yieldingly supporting the car-body upon the truck, an auxiliary body yieldingly supported upon the truck in a manner permitting vertical movement thereof relatively to the car-body, an engine carried by said auxiliary body, and means for connectin the engine in driving relation to a Wheel of the truck, substantially as described.

This specification signed and witnessed this 16th day of January, 1906.

WALTER D. HAWK Witnesses F. B. OANODE, WALTER IRVIN. 

